S04: How to form and use the Third Conditional.
How To Form The Third Conditional:
The third conditional is formed by using: if plus imperfect subjunctive, then past conditional.
IF + SUBJECT + VERB IN PAST PERFECT SUBJUNCTIVE (same form as the past perfect), THEN SUBJECT + WOULD + HAVE + PAST PARTICIPLE OF VERB
For example: If I had studied more, I would have found a better job.
If you hadn't drunk so much you wouldn't have crashed the car.
The form of the form of the past perfect subjunctive is exactly the same as the form of the past perfect simple. Subject (I, you, he...) + had + past participle (worked, eaten, written, jumped...) If I had seen. If we had arrived. The past perfect subjunctive continuous can also be used and it has the same form as the past perfect continuous. Subject (I, you, he...) + had + been + gerund (working, eating, writing, jumping...) If I had been working. If we had been arriving.
The past conditional is formed as follows: Subject (I, you, he...) + would + have + past participle (worked, eaten, written, jumped...) I would have liked. He would have paid. The past conditional continuous can also be used. Subject (I, you, he...) + would + have + been + gerund (working, eating, writing, jumping...) I would have been working. We would have been arriving.
For example: If we had arrived earlier, nobody would have been here.
If we had been working for ten hours, we would have been feeling tired too.
When to use the third Conditional:
We use the third conditional to talk about unreal situations in the past. We use it to speculate about what would have happened as a result of the past being different in some way. It is talking about alternate hypothetical past situations and their hypothetical result in the past. The past is fixed and therefore if we think about changes in the past, these are imaginary past situations. We use the third conditional for imaginary past situations.
For example: If John had gone to the party it would have been more interesting.
If I had been looking where I was going, I wouldn't have fallen over.
The third conditional, how to form it and when to use it. OK, first of all, if plus past perfect subjunctive, same form as the past perfect, then past conditional. So for example: If I had studied, I would have passed my exams. If I had studied, OK, that's a past perfect subjunctive, same form as past perfect, then I would have passed, past conditional, my exams. OK. When do we use it, we use it to say if the past had been different, then the later past would have been different. It is speculating about what would have happened if the past had been different. So, if I had studied, I would have passed my exams, but I didn't study so I didn't pass my exams. OK, we're speculating about what would have happened, if I had studied. If I had been born in France, I would have learned French. OK, there's another example. If I had enjoyed mathematics, my choice of profession would have been different. OK. So third conditional, if I had plus past participle, then I would have verb. OK, so it's that simple. Thanks for watching and I'll see you in the next video, which is about mixed conditionals. Bye for now.