107: How to form and How to Use the Present Perfect Simple (Irregular Verbs).
How To Form The Present Perfect Simple with irregular verbs:
| 1st Column Compliment |
2nd Column Past Simple Affirmitive |
3rd Column Past Participle |
|---|---|---|
| eat | ate | eaten |
| become | became | become |
To form the Present Perfect Simple affirmative take a subject (I, my friend...) and after that put the auxiliary verb have in the corresponding form of the present simple ( I have..., my friend has...) and then put the past participle, the word from column 3 of the irregular verb list (became, eaten). Put this all together and we have: I have become. My friend has eaten. To make negatives put not after the auxiliary have. I have not become. My friend has not eaten. Note in the negative we continue to use the past participle from column 3 unlike negatives for the past simple. To form questions change the position of the subject and the auxiliary verb have. This gives us: Have I Become? Has my friend eaten? Again note that we continue to use the past participle from column 3 unlike negatives for the past simple. If we wish we can place a question word before our interrogative form. What have I become? How much has my friend eaten? The table below shows the form of the past simple for irregular verbs:
| Affirmative | Negative | Interrogative |
|---|---|---|
| I have eaten | I have not eaten | Have I eaten? |
| You have eaten | You have not eaten | Have you eaten? |
| He has eaten | He has not eaten | Has he eaten? |
| She has eaten | She has not eaten | Has she eaten? |
| It has eaten | It has not eaten | Has it eaten? |
| We have eaten | We have not eaten | Have we eaten? |
| You have eaten | You have not eaten | Have you eaten? |
| They have eaten | They have not eaten | Have they eaten? |
The following video explains how to form the Present Perfect Simple with irregular verbs:
How to form the Present Perfect Simple with irregular verbs. It's easy. It's the same as with the regular ones. You take a subject I, then your auxiliary verb have, in the present simple and then you use the past participle. For irregular verbs, that's the word in column 3. Eat, ate eaten. Column 3. Number 3. Fight, fought, fought. Number 3. OK. So, I have eaten. You have eaten. To make negatives put not after the have. I have not eaten. We still use the word from column 3, eaten. To make questions. Have you eaten? The word again from column 3. So, this is easy to construct and remember it's different from the past simple. It's different from column 2 and we use it in a different way. So, to make the past... sorry, to make the present perfect simple with irregular verbs, I have and then the past participle, eaten. In the negative I have not eaten. For questions, have I eaten? So... that's simple, I am sure you understood it clearly. What's more difficult is when to use it. See you soon.
Irregular verbs:
There are several groups of irregular verbs that behave in the same way. If you can remember the pattern it will help you to learn some of the verbs.
| 1st Column | 2nd Column | 3rd Column | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pattern 1 | Bring | Brought | Brought |
| Buy | Bought | Bought | |
| Catch | Caught | Caught | |
| Pattern 2 | Drink | Drank | Drunk |
| Sink | Sank | Sunk | |
| Sing | Sang | Sung | |
| Pattern 3 | Choose | Chose | Chosen |
| Loose | Lost | Lost | |
| Freeze | Froze | Frozen | |
| Pattern 4 | Bleed | Bled | Bled |
| Feed | Fed | Fed | |
| Read | Read | Read | |
| Pattern 5 | Blow | Blew | Blown |
| Grow | Grew | Grown | |
| Fly | Flew | Flown | |
| Pattern 6 | Deal | Delt | Delt |
| Feel | Felt | Felt | |
| Keep | Kept | Kept | |
| Pattern 7 | Bet | Bet | Bet |
| Cut | Cut | Cut | |
| Set | Set | Set |
In this video the list of irregular verbs shown below has been read so you can learn the correct pronunciation.
The following table is a list of the most common irregular verbs in English, it is highly reccommended that you learn it:
| 1st Column | 2nd Column | 3rd Column |
|---|---|---|
| be | was/were | been |
| become | became | become |
| begin | began | begun |
| blow | blew | blown |
| break | broke | broken |
| bring | brought | brought |
| build | built | built |
| burst | burst | burst |
| buy | bought | bought |
| catch | caught | caught |
| choose | chose | chosen |
| come | came | come |
| cost | cost | cost |
| cut | cut | cut |
| deal | delt | delt |
| do | did | done |
| drink | drank | drunk |
| drive | drove | driven |
| eat | ate | eaten |
| fall | fell | fallen |
| feed | fed | fed |
| feel | felt | felt |
| fight | fought | fought |
| find | found | found |
| fly | flew | flown |
| forbid | forbade | forbidden |
| forget | forgot | forgotten |
| forgive | forgave | forgiven |
| freeze | froze | frozen |
| get | got | got/gotten |
| give | gave | given |
| go | went | gone |
| grow | grew | grown |
| have | had | had |
| hear | heard | heard |
| hide | hid | hidden |
| hit | hit | hit |
| hold | held | held |
| hurt | hurt | hurt |
| keep | kept | kept |
| know | knew | known |
| lay | laid | laid |
| lead | led | led |
| leave | left | left |
| let | let | let |
| lie | lay | lain |
| lose | lost | lost |
| make | made | made |
| meet | met | met |
| pay | paid | paid |
| put | put | put |
| quit | quit | quit |
| read | read | read |
| ride | rode | ridden |
| ring | rang | rung |
| rise | rose | risen |
| run | ran | run |
| say | said | said |
| see | saw | seen |
| seek | sought | sought |
| sell | sold | sold |
| send | sent | sent |
| set | set | set |
| shake | shook | shaken |
| shine | shone | shone |
| sing | sang | sung |
| sit | sat | sat |
| sleep | slept | slept |
| speak | spoke | spoken |
| spend | spent | spent |
| spring | sprang | sprung |
| stand | stood | stood |
| steal | stole | stolen |
| swim | swam | swum |
| swing | swang | swung |
| take | took | taken |
| teach | taught | taught |
| tear | tore | torn |
| tell | told | told |
| think | thought | thought |
| throw | threw | thrown |
| understand | understood | understood |
| wake | woke | woken |
| wear | wore | worn |
| win | won | won |
| write | wrote | written |